Prefixes

Verb Prefixes

Together and Apart

सम्

sam

 

with, together; completely, absolutely

वि

vi

 

divided, asunder, apart; different

Near and Far

आ

ā

 

near, toward, up to

उप

upa

 

toward, near next to; under, below

अभि

abhi

 

upon, over; toward, into [by, amphi-theater]

अपि

api

 

placing near, uniting with, reaching [epi-center]

अप

apa

 

away (from), off, without [apo-calypse]

अव

ava

 

down from, off, away

परा

parā

 

aside, away, off [para-noia]

Around

परि

pari

 

around, about; fully, beyond; away

Over and Under

अति

ati

 

beyond, over

अधि

adhi

 

above, over

उद्

ud

 

up, upward

अनु

anu

 

after, under, alongside

Inward and Outward

नि

ni

 

inward, within; down, back

निस्

nis

 

outward, without; out, forth

Forward and Backward

प्र

pra

 

forward, in front

प्रति

prati

 

back, again, opposite (to)

Good and Bad

सु

su

 

everything good (virtuous, beautiful, easy, well, …)

दुस्

dus

 

everything bad (evil, inferior, difficult, …)

Noun Prefixes

अ

a

 

not X (for nouns that start with consonants)

अन्

an

 

not X (for nouns that start with vowels)

स

sa

 

with X