Exercises: Verb Prefixes

We'll look at some more interesting examples of prefixes later on. For now, let's review the material we've already covered.

Vocabulary

Derived words are shown below the word that they come from. By approaching vocabulary in this way, you will be able to learn more words much faster.

गम्

gam

गच्छति

gacchati

go [come]

संगम्

saṃgam

संगच्छति

saṃgacchati

go together

उपसंगम्

upasaṃgam

उपसंगच्छति

upasaṃgacchati

"go to meet"; approach, unite, join

विगम्

vigam

विगच्छति

vigacchati

go apart, be severed, separate; die

आगम्

āgam

आगच्छति

āgacchati

come, reach [Agama]

उपगम्

upagam

उपगच्छति

upagacchati

come toward, approach

समुपगम्

samupagam

समुपगच्छति

samupagacchati

"approach together with"; approach, unite, join

Devanagari

Write the sentences below in IAST.

• धर्मक्षेत्रे कुरुक्षेत्रे समवेता युयुत्सवः

• कश्चित् कान्ताविरहगुरुणा स्वाधिकारप्रमत्तः
  शापेनास्तंगमितमहिमा वर्षभोग्येण भर्तुः ।
  यक्षश्चक्रे जनकतनयास्नानपुण्योदकेषु
  ... वसतिं रामगिर्याश्रमेषु ॥

  Note the conjuncts स्न = sna and श्र = śra.

• पश्यामि देवांस् तव देव देहे

• तदप्येष श्लोको भवति

• कालो ऽस्मि लोकक्षयकृत् प्रवृद्धो लोकान् समाहर्तुमिह प्रवृत्तः

• क्रोधाद्भवति संमोहः संमोहात् स्मृतिविभ्रमः

• स्मृतिभ्रंशाद्बुद्धिनाशो बुद्धिनाशात् प्रनश्यति

• शत्रूणां तरणेषु वः स भगवानस्तु प्लवः केशवः

Translation

Translate from English to Sanskrit. Use the verb introduced above where possible.

• The men go to meet him.
• The wolf approaches us from the forest.
• The two of us go together to the city.
• The fruits come toward (my) two feet.
• We do not die.
• The sun reaches the sky.

Answers

Devanagari

As before, English meanings are provided for your curiosity.

• dharmakṣetre kurukṣetre samavetā yuyutsavaḥ

  On dharma's field, the field of Kurus, all assembled wanting war, …

• kaścit kāntāvirahaguruṇā svādhikārapramattaḥ
  śāpenāstaṃgamitamahimā varṣabhogyeṇa bhartuḥ ।
  yakṣaścakre janakatanayāsnānapuṇyodakeṣu
  ... vasatiṃ rāmagiryāśrameṣu ॥

  A certain yaksha, negligent of his duty, his glory caused to wane by a year-long curse from his lord that unbearably separated him from his beloved, created a dwelling among the ashrams of Ramagiri, where the waters were sanctified by the bathings of Janaka's daughter. Meghaduta 1.1

• paśyāmi devāṃs tava deva dehe

  I see the gods in your body, O god

• tadapyeṣa śloko bhavati

  On this, there is this shloka.

• kālo 'smi lokakṣayakṛt pravṛddho lokān samāhartumiha pravṛttaḥ

  I am Time, the ancient destroyer of worlds, engaged here in destroying all mankind. Bhagavad Gita 11.32

• krodhādbhavati saṃmohaḥ saṃmohāt smṛtivibhramaḥ

  From anger comes delusion, from delusion loss of memory,

• smṛtibhraṃśādbuddhināśo buddhināśāt pranaśyati

  From loss of memory (arises) the destruction of the intellect, and from that destruction, he himself is destroyed.

• śatrūṇāṃ taraṇeṣu vaḥ sa bhagavānastu plavaḥ keśavaḥ

  May the blessed Keshava be a raft to you as you cross your enemies.

Translation

• नरास् तम् उपसंगच्छन्ति

  narās tam upasaṃgacchanti

• वृको वनात् अस्मान् उपगच्छति

  vṛko vanāt asmān upagacchati

• आवां नगरं संगच्छावः

  āvāṃ nagaraṃ saṃgacchāvaḥ

• फलानि पादाव् उपगच्छन्ति

  phalāni pādāv upagacchanti

• वयं न विगच्छामः

  vayaṃ na vigacchāmaḥ

• सूर्यो गगनम् आगच्छति

  sūryo gaganam āgacchati